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初三生中考学科备考复习策略：英语习惯用语三
2014-01-25 11:42:28

　　[误] - Is anybody there?

　　- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　[正] - Is everybody there?

　　- No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　[析] 许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词，用 anybody. 但是Is anybody there?在英语中为：这里有人吗？而Is everybody there？为：全都到齐了吗？所以首先要考虑的是其答语。No, Bob and Tom have asked for leave.

　　[误] - Your handwriting is very good!

　　- No, my handwriting is very poor.

　　[正] - Your handwriting is very good！

　　- Thank you.

　　[析] 中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you 又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going?或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如: Hello! How are you going?（你过得怎样） Morning! 等。而 good morning 和 How do you do 则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见。

　　[误] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say:"Excuse me I‘ll go first."

　　[正] When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say:"Excuse me I have to go."

　　[析] 这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲 I‘ll go first 朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go 则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。

　　[误] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　- I‘d like to, and I’m too busy.

　　[正] - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?

　　- I‘d like to, but I’m too busy.

　　[析] I‘m too busy 与 I’d like to 在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。

　　[误] - Where‘s Deter?

　　- Deter will come with us tonight but he isn‘t very sure yet.

　　[正] - Where‘s Deter?

　　- Deter may come with us tonight but he isn‘t very sure yet.

　　[析] 由于but所引出的句子可以看出Deter的来与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用may来表达一个不肯定的事件。

　　[误] - Hi, haven‘t seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　- Great, You look well too.

　　[正] - Hi, haven‘t seen you for ages! You look fine!

　　- Thanks, You look well too.

　　[析] 要注意的是 Great 在口语中多表示惊叹，而 Thanks 则表示感谢对方的称赞。 所以对情景谈话要有准确的判定，要根据情景，身临其境，上下对照，周密思考，弄清场合，注意英美人的风俗习惯，注重语义上的词语辨析，并要进行大量的语言实践练习，扩大实际交际能力。

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